Amends GS 20-183.4C as follows. Deletes provisions requiring safety and emissions inspections of new vehicles delivered to purchasers at retail and provisions relating to inspections performed by authorized motor vehicle dealers in the State. Removes reference to emissions inspections. Requires motor vehicles that are at least three years older than the current model year to have a safety inspection every other year and motor vehicles that are at least ten years older than the current model year to be inspected during 2024 and then every other year. Only requires used vehicles sold by a dealer, vehicles acquired by a resident of the State from outside the State, vehicles owned by new State residents transferring registration to North Carolina, and vehicles sold in the State to be inspected if the vehicle is three years old or more. Only requires unregistered vehicles to be registered with the state within ten days of a passing inspection when an inspection is required. 

Enacts new GS 20-183.4E, pertaining to when a vehicle must be inspected for emissions as follows. Requires any vehicles that are subject to an emissions inspection be inspected within 180 days of registration and once per year. Permits the Division of Motor Vehicles (DMV) to issue a temporary exemption for any vehicle it determines to be principally garaged in the State and primarily operated outside a county subject to emissions inspections requirements or outside of the State. Effective July 1, 2024.

Amends GS 20-183.2 (pertaining to the ten prongs of requirements for emissions inspections) by deleting the third prong of the requirements, and instead requiring emission inspections if the vehicle is a model year within 20 years of the current model year and earlier than the 2017 model year. (Currently, third prong is the vehicle must be within 20 years of the current year and older than the three most recent model years or a vehicle with a model year within 20 years of the current year and has 70,000 miles or more on its odometer.) Amends GS 143-215.107A to only require motor vehicle emissions inspections to be performed in Mecklenburg County. (Currently, Alamance, Buncombe, Cabarrus, Cumberland, Davidson, Durham, Forsyth, Franklin, Gaston, Guilford, Iredell, Johnston, Lincoln, Mecklenburg, New Hanover, Randolph, Rowan, Union, and Wake Counties.) Effective the later of July 1, 2024, or the first day of a month that is 60 days after the Secretary of DEQ certifies to the Revisor of Statutes that the EPA has approved an amendment to the North Carolina State Implementation Plan submitted as detailed above. Provides for procedures for the Secretary to notify the public and others of the effective date of the act. 

Requires the Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), by December 31, 2023, to prepare and submit to the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) for approval by that agency a proposed North Carolina State Implementation Plan amendment based on the change to the motor vehicle emissions testing program provided in the act.