Amends GS Chapter 66 by adding new Article 51 (Second Amendment Financial Privacy Act), which prohibits financial institutions from (1) using a firearm code in connection with payment card transactions involving a firearms retailer in the State and (2) knowingly maintaining a record of persons in the state who own firearms in GS 66-503. Makes legislative findings related to the 2022 approval of a new merchant category code for firearms by the International Organization for Standardization that would permit tracking of the use of payment cards in purchase transactions at firearm retailers in GS 66-501. Defines financial institution, firearms code, and firearms retailer in GS 66-502. 

Permits the Attorney General to assess civil penalties of not more than $10,000 for each violation after notice and hearing under GS 66-504. Provides a civil cause of action for firearms retailers, persons using payment cards, and persons for whom a financial institution has a record of firearm ownership, permitting injunctions, statutory damages of $10,000 for each violation, and costs and attorneys' fees in GS 66-505. Provides a three-year statute of limitations on civil actions.

Effective October 1, 2023.